Citizenship Through a Parent | Eligibility Checker
Law Office of Justin G. Randolph
Citizenship Through a Parent: Derivative or Acquired Citizenship
Many people assume they must apply for U.S. citizenship through naturalization (Form N-400). But some people are already U.S. citizens automatically through a U.S. citizen parent—either at birth (often called “acquired citizenship”) or later while they were under 18 (often called “derivative citizenship”), depending on the facts and the law in effect at the time.
This page includes a free screening tool that helps you identify common “citizenship through a parent” fact patterns and points you toward the most likely next step—such as pursuing a U.S. passport or, in some cases, Form N-600 (Certificate of Citizenship)—instead of filing N-400.
When this tool is most useful
- You were born outside the United States and one or both parents were U.S. citizens.
- You obtained a green card as a child and later lived in the U.S. with a U.S. citizen parent before turning 18.
- You are unsure whether you need to naturalize—or whether you may already be a U.S. citizen and just need proof.
How to use the tool
- Answer the questions based on your actual history (parents’ status, dates, residence, and custody).
- Review the result and recommended next step.
- If your facts are complex (adoption, custody changes, long periods abroad), schedule a consult to confirm strategy.
Why this matters
Filing the wrong application can waste time and fees. If you may already be a U.S. citizen, the goal is usually to confirm eligibility and pursue the correct proof-of-citizenship pathway.
This tool provides general information only, is not meant to be legal advice upon which you act or do not act, and does not create an attorney-client relationship. Every case is different, and eligibility depends on specific facts and dates, and an attorney should be consulted before you proceed. If you notice any errors, let me know and I will correct them.
Last Updated on January 6, 2026 by JR